Normally the cards just are being given if you play a certain time.
I guess I would tie those cards to major achievements in the game, preferably secrets, but I guess ringing the bells could also work. Maybe 2 to 4 cards for in-game progress, and 4 to 6 cards for secrets?
As for what to put on them, I'd use things that are already in the game. Could be objects that you collect during the quests, but also important items, such as dimension crystals, coins, and even characters, such as pixies, fairies, etc.
An alternative could be various locations. Hmm... If you can add to the game at this point, it would actually be cool if putting all cards together gives you a map with a hidden, really hard to find, secret. Like a map with a direction on how to travel in order to get to this secret. Wouldn't that be awesome? and of course, you can only complete the secret if you have all cards.